Do not use an Oxford Academic personal account. When on the institution site, please use the credentials provided by your institution.Select your institution from the list provided, which will take you to your institution's website to sign in.Click Sign in through your institution.Shibboleth/Open Athens technology is used to provide single sign-on between your institution’s website and Oxford Academic. This authentication occurs automatically, and it is not possible to sign out of an IP authenticated account.Ĭhoose this option to get remote access when outside your institution. Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways: Get help with access Institutional accessĪccess to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. For psycho-oncologists, the task is to devise more effective and methodical ways of identifying at-risk or symptomatic populations, and to develop treatments that may improve the quality of life and improve adherence in these vulnerable patients. Diagnosis and treatment of PTSD in the cancer setting are currently analogous to that in the noncancer setting, although research on nonpharmacological interventions is developing, and research on medications is almost nonexistent. Risk factors are not clearly defined in the general population and are less well described in the cancer population, but it is likely that patients with pre-existing psychiatric diagnoses and especially patients with prior trauma are at elevated risk. However, rates of posttraumatic stress symptoms among patients diagnosed with cancer are consistently higher than those in the general population. The heterogeneity of studies and methodologies does not yet allow clear estimation of the prevalence of such responses. Nonetheless, maladaptive stress responses can clearly result in increased distress in cancer patients, and in a subset of highly symptomatic people they may interfere with adherence to necessary or even life-saving medical treatments. Unlike the DSM-IV, the DSM-5 defines medical trauma in objective terms as an identifiable catastrophic event, and this complicates the applicability of the model to cancer.
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Unlike other traumas, the trauma of cancer is not generally a single catastrophic event, but is instead an ongoing series of fearful and painful experiences associated with the threat of death. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a set of maladaptive responses to intensely fearful or life-threatening events.